Different varieties and cultivation methods of mustard

Mustard cultivation

 Mustard is the main edible oil crop of Bangladesh.  Different varieties of mustard seeds contain about 40-44% oil.  Khail contains about 40% meat.

Soil:

 Fertile and medium fertile loam and alluvial loam soils are ideal for mustard cultivation.  The color of the soil should be dark gray  Mustard cultivation in red soil is not good  If the soil acidity is between 6.0 to 7.0, it is better  Mustard is not good in saline soil  Mustard is not good in dry soil with cracks  High and medium elevation land is good for mustard  If water is drained in advance, it can be cultivated in medium low lands.  Mustard cannot be cultivated in high and low lands  The land needs to be in open space so that it gets sunny all day long.

Climate:

 More heat of 15-30 degrees Celsius reduces the amount of oil.

Relative humidity of air:

 50-60 degree 6  Increased air humidity increases the incidence of diseases, especially Alternaria leaf blight and insects.

Biodiversity:

 There must be enough bees in the mustard cultivation area  Mustard pollination is good  Due to the absence of bees in the application of pesticides, the crop is less.

Rainfall:

 Low or no rain environment is good for mustard production.

Heavy rain:

 Heavy rains at the beginning of the season in November and at the end of February are very harmful for mustard. There are 3 types of mustard cultivation in Bangladesh.  These are Tory, White and Rye.

Mustard variety:

 Tory-6:

 It takes 60-70 days from sowing to ripening.  Yield per hectare is 950-1100 kg if cultivated in an improved manner.  Seed oil content is 36-41%.  The variety is disease tolerant.

Golden Mustard (SS-65):

 As a result there are 4 cells and the number of seeds per fruit is 35-45.  The color of the seeds is yellowish golden.  Seeds are round. The weight of thousand seeds is 3.5-4.5 grams and the amount of seed oil is 44-45%.  As the stems and roots of the tree are strong, the tree does not bend due to application of more fertilizer and irrigation.

Kalyania (TS-72):

 The seeds are round.  Thousand seeds weigh 2.5-3.0 grams.  Seed oil content is 40-42%.  It takes 75-75 days for the crop to ripen.  When cultivated in an improved manner, the yield is 1.45-1.75 tons per hectare.  Kalyania variety is a short term high yielding early variety.

Daulat (RS-71):

 It takes 90-105 days from sowing to harvesting.  Wealth is tolerant of drought and some salinity.  Seed oil content is 39-40%.  The variety is tolerant of Alternaria blight disease.

Bari Mustard-6 (Dhali):

 The color of the seeds is yellow.  As the stems and roots are hard, the tree does not fall down.  The ripe fruit does not burst and the seeds do not fall off.  Fruits and fruit lips are relatively long.  Bari mustard-7 (Dhali) takes 90-100 days to ripen.  Yield is 1.9-2.2 tons per hectare with adequate fertilizer and irrigation.  Seed oil content is 44-45%.

Bari Mustard-6 (Napas-3142):

 The leaves are treeless and the floor is smooth.  The color of the flower petals is white.  The number of fruits per tree is 90-125.  The fruit has 2 chambers and the number of seeds per fruit is 25-30.

Bari Mustard-6 (Napas-6509):

 The color of the flower petals is yellow.  The number of fruits per tree is 90-125, the fruit has 2 chambers.  The number of seeds per fruit is 25-30.  The color of the seeds is dark.  Thousand seeds weigh 3.4-3.8 grams.  It takes 90-95 days for the crop to ripen. The amount of seed oil is 43-45%.  This variety is tolerant to Alternaria blight disease and temporary waterlogging.

Rye-5:

 Each tree has 4-6 primary branches.  The leaves are bushy and crunchy.  The blooming flowers are below 20. The number of fruits per tree is 90-120.  Seed oil content is 39-40%.

Bari mustard-9:

 This variety gives 10-25 percent higher yield than Otri-6.  This variety can be easily cultivated after harvesting aman paddy and before cultivating boro paddy.  The amount of seed oil is 43-44 percent.  It takes 60-65 days for the crop to ripen.  Yield is 1.25-1.45 tons per hectare with adequate fertilizer and irrigation.

Bari mustard-10:

 The height of the tree is 90-100 cm.  Each tree has 4-6 primary branches.Branch to branch out.The leaves are light green in color.The leaves are bushy and crunchy.  The number of fruits per tree is 100-120.The fruit has 2 chambers.The number of seeds per pod is 12-15.The color of the seeds is yellow. The amount of oil in the seeds is 42-43 percent.Yield per hectare is 1.25-1.45 tons.  After harvesting aman paddy, this variety can be cultivated as nabi variety.

Bari mustard-11:

 Seed weight is higher than other rye mustard.  The crop ripens in 105-110 days.  Yield is 2.0-2.5 tons per hectare.  This variety yields 20-25% more than Daulat.  After harvesting aman paddy, this variety can be cultivated as nabi variety.  The variety is drought and salt tolerant.  The number of seeds per fruit is 12-15. Alternaria disease tolerant.

Bari mustard-12:

 Seed oil content is 43-44%.  The crop ripens in 7-85 days.  Yield is 1.45-1.75 tons per hectare.  Boro paddy can be planted as a short term variety after harvesting aman paddy.

Bari Mustard-13:

 Yield per hectare is 2.20-2.60 tons.  The crop ripens in 90-95 days.  The amount of seed oil is about 43 percent. The number of shoots per tree is 75-75.  The variety is tolerant to temporary waterlogging.

Bari mustard-14:

 The crop ripens in 75-80 days.  Yield is 1.4-1.6 tons per hectare.  Boro paddy can be planted as a short term variety after harvesting aman paddy. The number of shoots per tree is 80-100 shoots.

Bari mustard-15:

 Height 90-100 cm.  The number of shoots per tree is 60-70. The crop ripens in 60-65 days.  Yield is 1.55-1.75 tons per hectare.  Boro paddy can be planted as a short term variety after harvesting aman paddy.

Bari mustard-16:

 Height 185-195 cm The number of shoots per tree is 180-200.  The crop ripens in 105-115 days.  Yield is 2.0-2.5 tons per hectare.  After harvesting Aman paddy, this variety can be cultivated as Nabi variety in lands where Boro does not cultivate paddy.  This variety is tolerant to drought and salinity. It is tolerant of Alternaria disease.

Bari mustard-17:

 The number of shoots per tree is 60-72. The crop ripens in 72-8 days.  Yield is 1.6-1.6 tons per hectare.  As the variety is short term, transplanted aman-mustard-boro paddy is suitable for cropping.

Binasrisha-4:

 Seed color is reddish black and seed oil content is 44%.  Lifespan 70-75 days.  Maximum yield is 2.40 t / ha.  However, the average yield per hectare is 1.60 tons.

Bina mustard-7:

 The variety is tolerant to drought and scorching diseases of leaves and fruits caused by Alternaria.  Seed size is relatively large.  Seed oil content is 36-38%.  Lifespan is 102-110 days.  Yield is 2.0 tons per hectare.

Bina mustard-8:

 Seed oil content is 39-41%.  Lifespan is 100-108 days.  Yield per hectare is 2.4 tons.

Bina mustard-9:

 The variety is tolerant to Alternaria leaf and fruit blight and temporary waterlogging caused by rains.  Seed oil content is 43%.  Lifespan is 70-84 days.  The average yield per hectare is 1.60 tons.

Mustard cultivation

Bina mustard-10:

 Seed oil content is 42%.  Lifespan is 7-82 days.  Yield 1.5 tons per hectare.

Seed rate:

 6-7 kg per hectare, 0.6-0.8 kg per bigha.

Sowing method:

 Mustard seeds are usually sown by scattering.  It is convenient to give fertilizer, irrigation and weeding in line weaving.  The distance from line to line is 1 hand.

Land preparation method:

 Land should be prepared with 2-3 cultivations  When cultivation is low, germination of mustard seeds is disrupted  Land should be cultivated in the joe condition of the soil  It will not be poured on the ground, the ground will be flat  Weeds should be well selected while cultivating the land to reduce the incidence of weeds in the crop.  Mustard cultivation needs to be 10-12 cm deep  Mustard lands need to be exposed to the sun during cultivation. The land should be leveled with a well-cultivated ladder.

Seed Purification:

 Mustard seeds should be treated with provax (2-3 g fungicide / kg seed) and mustard seeds with carbendazim group fungicide (2.5 g / kg).

Sowing time:

 Seeds can be sown from mid-Ashwin to mid-Kartik depending on the region and the soil conditions.  Rye-5 and Daulat can be sown from Kartik to Agrahayan month.

Weeding:

 Weeding is done once in 15-20 days after sowing and a second time during flowering.

Mustard cultivation

Irrigation application:

 The first irrigation should be given within 25-30 days of sowing (at the time of flowering) and the second irrigation should be given at 50-55 days (at the time of fruiting).  If there is less sap in the soil at the time of sowing, a light irrigation should be given within 10-15 days of seedling growth.

Amount of fertilizer:

 Varieties, soils are to be fertilized according to the variability of sap in this soil.

The amount of fertilizer per cent: